Common Yarrow, Achillea millefolium: A Hardy Perennial with Healing Powers

Introduction:
Common Yarrow, scientifically known as Achillea millefolium, was among the notable plants at the Colorado Master Gardener Seed Social. This hardy perennial is not only appreciated for its delicate, feathery foliage and clusters of tiny flowers, but also for its rich history in herbal medicine and wide range of medicinal benefits.

Exploring Common Yarrow
Achillea millefolium, commonly referred to as Yarrow, is a versatile plant native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It is known for its flat-topped clusters of small, white or pinkish flowers and aromatic, fern-like leaves. Yarrow typically reaches a height of 2 to 3 feet and blooms from early summer to late fall.

Growing Yarrow in Colorado
Yarrow is well-suited to Colorado’s diverse climate. It is drought-resistant and thrives in a variety of soil types, though it prefers well-drained soil. Yarrow can be grown in full sun to partial shade and is an excellent choice for xeriscaping, wildflower meadows, and naturalized garden areas.

Planting and Maintenance

• Soil and Sunlight: Yarrow is adaptable to many soil types, including poor soils, as long as they are well-drained. It performs best in full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
• Watering: Once established, Yarrow is extremely drought-tolerant, requiring minimal watering.
• Pruning: Deadheading the spent flowers can encourage a second bloom and prevent excessive self-seeding.

Medicinal Properties

• Historical Use: Yarrow has a long history of use in traditional medicine, dating back to ancient times. It was used for its wound-healing properties, which is why it is named after Achilles, a hero of Greek mythology.
• Anti-Inflammatory and Hemostatic: Yarrow is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to stop bleeding. It has been used in herbal remedies to treat minor wounds and cuts.
• Digestive Aid: The herb is also used to aid digestion and alleviate gastrointestinal issues.
• Other Uses: Yarrow has been used to help reduce fever, relieve cold and flu symptoms, and as a soothing agent for skin conditions.

Attracting Wildlife
Yarrow is a great plant for attracting beneficial insects to the garden. Its flowers are a favorite of many pollinators, including bees and butterflies.
Landscape Uses
With its delicate flowers and aromatic foliage, Yarrow is a beautiful addition to perennial borders, herb gardens, and naturalistic plantings. It can be used for erosion control and is also suitable for rock gardens due to its adaptability to poor soils.
Companion Planting
Yarrow pairs well with other drought-tolerant perennials and native plants. Good companions include Lavender, Russian Sage, and Coneflowers.

Conclusion:
Common Yarrow, Achillea millefolium, is a plant with much to offer. From its attractive blooms and ease of care to its rich medicinal history, Yarrow is a valuable addition to any Colorado garden. Whether you are interested in herbal remedies or simply seeking a resilient and beautiful perennial, Yarrow is a superb choice that will enrich your garden in many ways.