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Oxidative Stress in Lead Toxicity in Plants and Its Amelioration

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Lead Toxicity Mitigation: Sustainable Nexus Approaches

Part of the book series: Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management ((ENCRMA))

Abstract

Heavy metals, also known as trace elements, are hazardous even at low concentrations and are becoming a growing issue in many countries, including India. Human activities ranging from agriculture to mining to power generation in power plants are the major sources of heavy metals in environment. Lead (Pb) is the second most harmful environmental toxin after arsenic, and its deposition in the environment is steadily increasing due to anthropogenic activity. Pb significantly harms plants, affecting their morphophysiological and biochemical traits, such as irregular cell division during mitosis, subordinate growth of seedlings, and chlorosis. The latter changes the biochemistry of fruits and flowers, which negatively affects the rate of photosynthetic activity. Pb also damages nutrient interactions, photosynthesis, respiration, oxidative damage, and antioxidant defence mechanisms in various plant species. Soil remediation methods, such as biochar supplements and phytoremediation technology, can help address Pb-contaminated soils. Hyperaccumulating plants have developed molecular processes that enable their use in environmental bioremediation. However, efficacy of these methods still needs to be evaluated by rigorous research activities, and new ecologically acceptable remediation techniques need to be developed to reduce lead toxicity.

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  1. Department of Botany and Environment Science, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Neetu Jagota, Swapnil Singh, Harleen Kaur, Ravneet Kaur & Ashish Sharma

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, Bihar, India

    Nitish Kumar

  2. Krishi Vigyan Kendra Sahibganj, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Amrit Kumar Jha

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Jagota, N., Singh, S., Kaur, H., Kaur, R., Sharma, A. (2024). Oxidative Stress in Lead Toxicity in Plants and Its Amelioration. In: Kumar, N., Jha, A.K. (eds) Lead Toxicity Mitigation: Sustainable Nexus Approaches. Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46146-0_14

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