Code
ANCIT
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Annual/ Biennial
Geographic area
Mediterranea
Anchusa italica Retz.
synonym | Anchusa amoena (Gaertn.) J. F. Gmel. |
synonym | Anchusa azurea Mill. |
synonym | Anchusa azurea var. kurdica (Gusul.) D.F. Chamberlain |
synonym | Anchusa azurea var. lucida (Vitman) Gams |
synonym | Anchusa azurea var. macrocarpa (Boiss. & Hohen.) D.F. Chamberlain |
synonym | Anchusa azurea var. macrophylla (Lam.) Sauvage & Vindt |
synonym | Anchusa biceps Vest |
synonym | Anchusa italica var. angustifolia St.-Lag. |
synonym | Anchusa italica var. azurea (Mill.) Rouy |
synonym | Anchusa italica var. grandiflora Jekyll & E.T.Cook |
synonym | Anchusa italica var. kurdica Gusul. |
synonym | Anchusa italica var. macrocarpa (Boiss. & Hohen.) Gusul. |
synonym | Anchusa italica var. paniculata (Aiton) Rouy |
synonym | Anchusa lucida Vitm. |
synonym | Anchusa macrocarpa Boiss. & Hohen. |
synonym | Anchusa macrophylla Lam. |
synonym | Anchusa officinalis Gouan |
synonym | Anchusa paniculata Ait. |
synonym | Buglossum amoenum Gaertn. |
synonym | Buglossum caeruleum Pers. |
synonym | Buglossum elatum Moench |
synonym | Buglossum italicum (Retz.) Tausch |
synonym | Buglossum paniculatum (Ait.) Tausch |
synonym | Buglossum vulgare Tausch |
English |
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French |
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Italian |
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Portuguese |
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Spanish; Castilian |
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Seedling
Cotyledons elliptic-pointed, 20-25 x 12-15 mm, thick, firm, sharply veined, covered with appressed hairs, briefly petiolate. Primordial leaves elliptic-oblong, long attenuated on the petiole and abruptly pointed at the apex, hispid with rough white hairs. The hypocotyl axis is short and thick. Seedling dark green.
Adult plant
Anchusa italica is an annual, biennial or perennial, upright herbaceous plant, overwintering in a rosette. The stem is very branched, hispid with stiff hairs, reaching 1 m high. Leaves alternate, petiolate, lanceolate with entire margin, slightly wavy, the upper ones clasping. Flowers short-stalked, arranged in panicles of uniparous cymes. Calyx divided almost to the base, bristling with white hairs. Corolla fairly large, blue, purple or pink. Fruit a group of four greyish, elongated, reticulate-tuberculate achenes, 6-8 x 2-3 mm.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Life cycle
Algeria: Anchusa italica germinates in autumn-winter; flowering takes place from March to May.
Morocco : Achusa italica flowers from March to June.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Anchusa italica multiplies by seed, mainly spread by ants.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Growth form
Leaf arrangement
Leaf type
Latex
Stem section
Root type
Hollow or solid stem
Stipule type
Leaf attachment type
Fruit type
Achene type
Cotyledon type
Lamina base
Lamina margin
Lamina apex
Upperface pilosity
Upperface hair type
Lowerface pilosity
Lowerface hair type
Simple leaf type
Lamina section
Lamina Veination
Flower color
Inflorescence type
Stem pilosity
Stem hair type
Life form
Anchusa italica is a C3 species.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Algeria: Anchusa italica is a common species in the cereal systems (winter cereals-fallow) of Algeria, which is confirmed by the profusion of vernacular names. Preference for deep clayey-marly soils, more or less tirsified. These soils do not dry well and dry out very quickly at the surface, while remaining moist at depth, making it difficult to use various cultivation techniques. The imposing mass of weeds that can develop there is very detrimental to cereal crops.
Morocco: Anchusa italica is a very common species, which grows as a ruderal and messicolous plant in pastures, crops, wasteland and open woodland on well-watered plains and mountains, from 0 to 2500 m altitude.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Habitat
terrestrial
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Origin
Anchusa italica is native to the Euro-Siberian-Mediterranean-Iranian-Turanic region.
Worldwide distribution
This species has been introduced into South Africa, the USA, China, Australia and New Zealand.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Local harmfulness
Algeria: Anchusa italica is a minor "weed". Uncommon and not very abundant, it does not generally constitute a nuisance for the crop. However, it can sometimes be harmful in a localised way in case of presence in patches of high density.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Local control
Algeria: Hoeing of Anchusa italica seedlings or uprooting of adult individuals is all that is usually needed.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113203-1
- EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ANCIT
- The World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000533562
- Kazi Tani, C., et al. (2021). "AdvenAlg 1.0 Identification et connaissance des principales adventices d'Algérie méditerranéenne." Al Yasmina, Revue de Botanique 2(3): 1-187.
- Flora Maroccana (Dobignard A.) https://www.floramaroccana.fr/anchusa-azurea.html
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113203-1
- EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ANCIT
- The World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000533562
- Kazi Tani, C., et al. (2021). "AdvenAlg 1.0 Identification et connaissance des principales adventices d'Algérie méditerranéenne." Al Yasmina, Revue de Botanique 2(3): 1-187.
- Flora Maroccana (Dobignard A.) https://www.floramaroccana.fr/anchusa-azurea.html
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Anchusa%2520italica
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Boraginales |
Family | Boraginaceae |
Genus | Anchusa |
Species | Anchusa italica Retz. |