The T4 bacteriophage binds to the e.coli bacteria cell wall receptors in a process known as absorption.
The phage penetrates the cell by drilling into the cell wall and injecting its genome into the bacterial cytoplasm.
Once inside, phage enzymes take over the cells synthesizing pathway and begins to produce bacteriophage components. These new phage components assemble themselves around the genome, encapsulating it in the head region. The newly formed phages are ready to lyse from the host cell and infect new cells.
A phage enzme breaks down the cell’s peptidoglycan causing the cell to rupture. Through this process, 50 to 200 new T4 bacteriophages are produced and spread throughout the host system infecting and destroying cells.
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